Papillary fibroelastoma associated with congenital heart disease: a coincidental association or a potential new syndrome?

Cardiac papillary fibroelastomas (PFs) are rare cardiac tumors (1). They may be asymptomatic or may present with embolic phenomena (2). To the best of our knowledge, only a few cases of PF associated with congenital heart disease (CHD) have been previously reported (3-6). Here, we present three cases of PF. The first two cases of PF are associated with ostium secundum-type atrial septal defect (ASD), and the third case is associated with patent ductus arteriosus (PDA). No cases with a history of infective endocarditis or thrombosis were recorded. The coexistence of these lesions is extremely rare.